Monday, December 7, 2020

DM's Adventure Writing Checklist

CHECKLIST
Genre and Themes
: Stealth Heist, Raid, Dungeon Crawl, Hack-n-Slash, Intrigue, Mystery, Horror, Sci-Fi Fantasy. At sea, in secluded mountains, in a grand city, in a magic forest.
Premise - The goal and obstacles, or the Treasure and the Dungeon. Assassinate the Leader of the Merchant's Guild, Rescue the Princess from the Dragon's Lair, Steal the Tomb of Eldrich Horror from the Temple of Necromancy, Free the Thief Prince from the Evil Sheriff's Dungeon, Abduct the princess from her evil mother's castle in Alexandria and deliver her to her uncle in Lindblum.
Hook(s) and Incentive - The reason(s) why the players would care about the premise, and the Rewards for success. Have multiple hooks prepared and tailored to each player's interests and character's niche. Initial interested may be created by curiosity. A vision, dream, omen or prophecy, a scary fortune reading, a letter from a wizard.
Stakes - Consequences for failure or refusal. Something the PLAYERS care about should be at risk. What does the party stand to lose?
Inciting Incident - The event when things changed. The white knight was slain by the dark knight, the king fell ill and his brother became chancellor, the hunter killed the unicorn and became cursed for killing something so pure, the wizard disappeared the fellowship fell apart.
Conflict - Why do two sides oppose each other? Because if I get what I want, then you don't get what you want and vice versa. Biff can change the future with that Sports Almanac. We have to get it back, Marty!
Location - Town and Dungeon details. Mood, theme, genre, tone. Nearby features or locations, events, important people, shops and resources, factions. Sociology, politics, economics, religion, military, history.
NPCs - survivors, hostages, victims, witnesses, neutral entity, allies, patrons, contacts, mentors, factions or etc. - for Resources, Rewards, Tips, AND Directions!
Antagonist - Who are they? What do they care about and why? What do they do to try to succeed? What are their Strength and Weakness? The Sheriff of Nottingham excessively taxes the poor and is cruel to people who oppose him to keep everyone else in line.
McGuffin - A person or object for the hero and villain to compete for or fight over. Evil Tomb of Really Bad Spells, Royal Amulet, Ancient Ring of Power
Conditions or Complications - Specific Condition that adds a particular Interest, Requirement, Challenge, or Restriction. "You need a silver sword." "You have to be done by midnight." "Be discrete; The villain has eyes everywhere." "If the villain knows you're coming, he'll kill my dad." "The villain is actually your dad." "The evil dragon protects us from an even eviler dragon." "Get in and get out with the artifact, without getting caught, and don't wake the dragon." "The fortress is nigh-impregnable."
Setbacks or Sacrifices - an Opportunity or Resource that is lost adds tension and challenge. If you want to go through this door, you have to offer your blood. I will give you the key in exchange for your your magic amulet.
Surprise or Twist - Reverse Expectations; Use the audience's expectations against them. A betrayal? The plan failed because they knew we were coming all along. The strategy backfired because their weakness turned out to be lie? The wizard had a secret illness? The knight faked the thief's death? A seemingly good decision made for the right reasons turned out to be a grievous mistake?
Secret or Mystery and its Revelation - Villains secret weakness (bane) or Hero's secret weapon (boon). The villain's magic doesn't work if you know his true name. Only the sage in Mt. Doom knows, but what does he want for it?
Dilemma - Difficult choice between 2 things you don't want - "Pick your poison," or "choose your opponent,"or "choose the form of the destructor."
Moral Quandary - A particular type of dilemma where that party to do something that violates their ethos or alignment in order to achieve their goal or survive. "choose which one of your friends will die," Lifeboat dilemma where the lifeboat has room for 10, but there are 11 people. "Re: The prisoner dilemma. The lawful good paladin is obligated to accept surrender and to protect his prisoners to the death. The villain surrenders, but the NPC guide is prepared to kill the villain and anyone who stands in their way." Han Solo killing the Tonton to save Luke from freezing.
Red Herring - A clue, a tip, or false information with the effect of distracting or tricking the players. A false or incomplete answer to a riddle. X marks the spot, but there are two X's. A fake key.
Time Limit - Condition that creates a sense of urgency and tension. "If you don't figure out who the werewolf is and stop him before the next full moon..."
Climax - The location and circumstances of, who's present
Second Climax - "Just when the heroes think they're done..." or "You didn't think it would be that easy, did you?" or "Now, behold my true form." or "This place is collapsing! We have to get out, now!" A second smaller climax used to resolve a minor conflict can follow the climax of the major conflict so that the Falling Action part of the story falls more slowly and hopefully is more interesting; but sometimes a story that goes from 60 to 0 could be the best way to do it.
Resolution - What changes?
Suspense - Suspense holds interests. To create suspense, ask a dramatic question: "Will the heroes..." Always have one question open to keep your audience coming back. When you provide an answer, also provider another question. Make the players work for the answers and offer them as a reward. 

Tips
Alternate Between Good and Bad Encounters (Moments of Hope and Fear) - Things that are too good for too long become boring. Things that are too bad for too long get overwhelming. When you mix it up, you alternate between satisfying anticipation and providing something new for them to anticipate. Ask a dramatic question then answer a dramatic question, but provide an new dramatic question. Give the player an obstacle that rewards a tool, then give then a new obstacle that the tool doesn't work on so they have to get a different tool and the next obstacle suggests what kind of tool they might find.
Give the Audience What they Want: Writer's should deliver what they promise. People are only happy to have their expectations subverted when the thing they were expecting the whole time wasn't really what they wanted to begin with and so the subversion is actually a pleasant surprise. Reference the movie Shrek. The knight in shining armor is an actual ogre named Shrek and not some prince charming. The princess he rescues doesn't get married to Prince Farquad because she falls in love with the ogre, Shrek, but you'd expect her to choose the human over the ogre. If the movie waited until the end to reveal that Fiona was an ogre, it would be the same move but you'd have a very different experience because the ending you were expecting would have been intentionally set up like they were going to deliver it but they didn't actually plan on delivering it. By the way, foreshadowing is important or you'd be as in the dark as Shrek himself and you would probably pity his every effort get Fiona back at the end. There would probably be a sense of dramatic irony watching him enter the church in a hurry to object to the wedding which subverting would have been nice. Oh, and Chekhov's Gun is also important. You gave Princess Fiona a fight scene and showed off how athletic she was, but you didn't give her a bigger, more dramatic fight scene later?
Inter-Party Conflict: Pitting the players against each works for some groups but not all. One PC wants to resolve the quest one way, but another PC wants to resolve it another way, and they can't both get their way. "So, have you figured out which of your friends is the traitor yet?"
Verbs: Choosing good verbs is important. A good verb unambiguously tells the players what to do and how to do it. "Slay the dragon." The wrong verbs do not help your players understand their goal and how to accomplish it. "Investigate the mysterious plague." In the first example, the players know they need to find a dragon and kill it. In the second example, the players might not have a clear starting point or a clear plan. Investigation is not the ultimate goal, investigation is the means to identify the goal. the potentially resulting in frustration and wasted time. This can be solved by changing the wording. "Identify and stop the source of the mysterious plague."
The Players are the Stars: In general, players don't really care about the NPCs. Don't let any NPCs upstage them or be more important than them.

Combat Encounters - List of random and fixed
Roleplay Encounters - List of random and fixed
Exploration Encounters - List of random and fixed
Skill Checks - For each character's specialty so they all have a chance to shine
Traps - Mix of easy, medium, hard, and deadly
Puzzles - for the players to solve, not their characters
Treasures - Award at intervals, not all at once at the end
Secrets -
Create Opportunities for Creativity - Rule of Cool

 

What is a One-Shot Adventure?
    A one-shot adventure is an adventure that is intended to be completed in as little as one session. A one-shot therefore needs to be simple. The structure for a short one-shot adventure is:

1. Set up the conflict and establish the goal quickly.
2. Put the adventurers where the conflict is, where they will spend the length of the session.

Here's an example of a premise for a simple one-shot adventure:
1. The players arrive in a village and the inn keeper tells the players there's a monster and some treasure in some ruins in the forest.
2. The players go to the forest to search for the ruins. They enter the ruin to fight the monster and get the treasure.

In this example, the conflict is the ruins and the monster inside. The goal is the treasure. You can always start the players right at the entrance of the ruins and narrate that they just came from the village after hearing rumors of such and such in the village, they explored the forest, and finally discovered the ruins said to contain a monster and some treasure. The players will spend most of the session in the dungeon.

Too Simple?
Just because the one-shot is simple doesn't mean it has to lack excitement, motivation, drama, suspense or tension. To add these things, start first by introducing some stakes, then add complications, one or more twist, setbacks, and whatever else. The stakes are the consequences of failure besides failure itself. Players generally care about their reward more than the NPCs or the setting, so the reward has to be at stake.

Stakes: Let's say that someone was kidnapped and is being held prisoner by some bandits in the ruins mentioned above. The bandits are now ransoming this prisoner. The players are offered a reward by the family of the prisoner, but the bandits are threatening to kill the prisoner. No rescue, no reward. The players are now incentivized to care about the safety of the prisoner.

Tension: add a source of fear, stress, or restrictions. Let's add some more tension by adding a time-limit. Let's say the bandits have given the family an arbitrary timeline. The family has two days to pay the ransom or else they will kill the prisoner. Now, the players can't afford to take their time and may be likely to struggle between careful planning with swift action.

Complications: Ok, how can this get worse? Let's say that the bandit leader is not someone you want to fight. He's a very tough and cunning fighter, and he's known for slaying no less than five well armed and armored elite soldiers who came to capture him in a single fight. Maybe this is because he has a magic sword (this is a carrot and a stick).

Twist: What's something you're expecting to happen? OK, that doesn't happen (that's the best way I know to explain what is a twist). Once the players are half-way into the dungeon, they discover a twist. The prisoner, disinterested in living the life of a surf and craving excitement, asked to join the gang of bandits and has earned a place among them by defeating three of their fighters in one-on-one fights. Now there's no prisoner to rescue.

Setback: The players need to lose something of value, usually a resource like hit points but it could also be an important personal or quest item. This adds suspense. The more personal the setback, the more dramatically interesting it is. Rather than the ordinary challenges of the dungeon being the sole cause of their diminishing resources, one of the Named NPCs will cause it. Have one of the bandits, perhaps the Prisoner or some other bandit, sneak up on and backstab a player or picks one of their pockets. This bandit then escapes and calls for help from the rest of the gang.

Second Climax: What do you call it when the hero thinks he's won, then one more conflict arises right at the end, threatening to steal victory out from under him? OK, so once the players defeat the bandit leader and escape, the prisoner explains that he didn't join the bandits for real, he was just trying to create an opportunity to escape. He agrees to go home with the players. However, one of the bandits follows the party and wants to get revenge on the prisoner by killing him for betraying the bandits resulting in a hostage stand-off or another combat encounter while everyone's at their limit.
   To feel organic, and to not feel like the DM is just being adversarial, the bandit who shows up at the end should be someone the players previously encountered who they have some unresolved conflict with. This could be the bandit who called for help or sprung a trap or punched one of the players in the eye and ran away.

The end: The players get their reward of whatever amount of gp and a bunch of EXP. 


Tips for Mysteries
1. Plot: Know unambiguously the who, what, when, where, why, and how.
2. Make it clear that there is a mystery to solve. A type of mystery called a Closed Circle Mystery is a mystery that occurs in a small space with a set number of suspects.
3. Know the investigators. Why are they involved? What Magic or Technology do they have that can solve your mystery too soon or spoil your mystery? Create puzzles that work with these abilities, not against them. Don't completely restrict these abilities without a very good reason.
4. Clues. Give clues that lead investigators to the next clue. Give clear and simple clues. Prepare 3 clues for any direction you want to send the investigators in case 1 clue is missed or isn't enough. Give clues as rewards for ability checks and encounters. Avoid Red Herrings or false clues.
5. Avoid linear plots. A Diamond Plot structure offers the investigators choices for what order they want to investigate nest. Do this by planting one or more clues that lead the investigators in more than one direction from the start or very early.
6. Prepare for failure. What happens if the investigators find a dead end? Make floating clues that they can find anywhere that can send them to where they should be going. Be ready to improvise and be flexible with your plot.

Sunday, December 6, 2020

A Simple d6 System and an Alternative Set of Abilities

    RPGs are improvisation story telling games with rules. You can make up anything. Everything can be simplified and abstracted and reasoned in different ways. Here's an example of an alternate set of abilities and a simple system to compliment it. The abilities listed below represent very board categories or skills and abilities. Things like Strength, Intelligence, Dexterity, Charisma, and etc. could easily apply to any of them depending on how the player describes how the ability applies to their character. At character creation, players pick one category to excel at and they start at an intermediate level (ability of 2). They are beginners (ability of 1) at everything else.

  • Mind: Represents your reasoning, intellect, and learned knowledge. Your mind stat influences speech and skills related to material knowledge. Someone with a higher mind stat could argue they think faster and can react mentally faster. Someone with a high Mind might be a wizard, alchemist, craftsman, or researcher. In your world, Mind might be important for some types of tools, weapons, powers or magic.
  • Body: Represents how strong, fast, fit, and healthy you are. Your hit points are improved by your Body. A higher body stat makes someone more skilled at tasks requiring physical strength, endurance, reflexes, agility, balance, and coordination. Someone with a high body might be a warrior or soldier. Someone with a higher Body is probably knowledgeable about subject matter pertaining to athletics or combat. In your world, Body is important for fighting with weapons.
  • Spirit: Spirit represents your intuition, wisdom, and your affinity for and general disposition towards the supernatural. Someone with a high Spirit might be a priest, a mystic or a psychic. People who are receptive to spirituality might find your speech more compelling. You're probably more knowledgeable and skillful with matters sacred to you. In your world, Spirit might also be important for some types of powers or magic.

Roll Under
    You roll a single d6. You can succeed at a task by rolling equal to or under your ability score. The higher your score, the better your chances to succeed.

Ability Scores
The numbers for ability scores will be small due to the size of the die used and the scores are explained below. The GM may rule that if you roll a 6, you automatically fail and if you roll a 1, you automatically succeed regardless of skill or difficulty.

  • 1 means you're an average person or a beginner.
  • 2 means you're above average or have received training. You're intermediate.
  • 3 means you're experienced or advanced.
  • 4 means you're an expert. Few people achieve this level.
  • 5 means you're a master with peak ability. This is a legendary or world class level.

Difficulty of Challenges
The GM will tell the players the difficulty of the a challenge they're rolling for and assigns a bonus or penalty to the players roll. The concept of difficulty is relative, as in "This task will be hard for you." The DM may need to balance the challenges for the players based on the probability of rolling a number on a d6. Rolling a 1 is likely to fail, rolling a 5 is likely to succeed. Try to assign a difficulty bonus or penalty to give the players a fair challenge. A +2 is generous at low if you have a low ability score, and a -1 is harsh if you have a very low score.

  • Rolling a 1 is about a 16.67% chance of success
  • Rolling a 1 to 2 is about a 33.3% chance of success
  • Rolling a 1 to 3 is about a 50% chance of success
  • Rolling a 1 to 4 is about a 66.67% chance of success
  • Rolling a 1 to 5 is about a 83.3% chance of success.
  • Rolling a 1 to 6 is 100% chance of success.

The difficulty bonus or penalty applies the ability for that roll. For example, if you have a 1 in an ability and the challenge is very easy, the GM may tell you to roll with a +3 bonus. This means you will have to roll a 1 to 4 on a d6 to succeed. The difficulty bonuses and penalties go as high as +3 and as low as -3. If the penalty exceeds your skill level, the GM may determine that you simply cannot attempt the challenge or that you automatically fail. The GM may also determine if the bonus applied to your skill is high enough, you may automatically succeed. A character's armor effectively imposes a difficulty penalty to an attackers rolls. Light Armor is a -1, Medium Armor is a -2, Heavy Armor is a -3.

  • +3: Easy difficulty, but still requiring concentration and effort.
  • +2: Medium difficulty. A beginner has a 50/50 chance.
  • +1: Hard difficulty. More than half of all average people will struggle and fail.
  • No bonus or penalty: A Very Hard difficulty. Advanced people have a 50/50 chance.
  • -1: Very, very Hard difficulty. Specialized skill is needed. Luck is required if you're intermediate.
  • -2: Extremely Hard difficulty. At this point, there's probably external forces acting against you.
  • -3: May be impossible. Only a expert or master can succeed. You're probably solving an ancient unsolved puzzle or stopping a great big boulder with your bare hands at the edge of a cliff.

Hit Points
Hit points are an abstract concept representing how much damage a character can take. Taking damage usually means you've been injured or wounded in some way. Player characters determine how many hit points they start with by rolling a d6 and adding their body ability. The GM also determines what happens when your hit points reach 0; either you die instantly or you fall unconscious and start to die but can be saved by first aid or magic.

Damage
A d6 is used to determine how much damage is dealt with a successful attack. Powerful attacks may use 2 or more d6. A d3 is a d6 where 1-2 is a 1, 3-4 is a 2, and 5-6 is a 3 and is used for improvised weapons, weak attacks such as unarmed strikes, or attacks that are intended to deal non-leathal damage. Weapons or spells come in strength categories you can choose, or use the examples below.

  • A small or light weapon such as a knife, club, or does d6-1 damage (minimum 1 damage).
  • A medium weapon does d6 damage. such as a short or broad sword, a mace, battle ax, short bow, spear, 
  • A large or heavy weapon does d6+1 damage such as a long sword, long bow, war hammer, great ax, or pole arm.

Improving you Character
Mark any abilities you've use during the adventure if you succeeded on at least one roll. After reaching a milestone such as completing a quest or an adventure, or achieving a character or story goal, your GM will allow you to improve your character's abilities. To do this, you can roll a d6 once for each ability score you've marked and roll over your ability score. If you roll higher than your ability, that ability improves by 1. The GM will also tell the players when they can improve their max hit points. To improve your max hit points, roll a d6 and add your body ability.

Friday, December 4, 2020

Skills for TTRPGs

 General Skills
    In a dungeon or in the wilderness, adventures are assumed to be constantly using these general skills: Search for hidden doors, traps, objects, listen at doors, move silently, hide in shadows, spot danger, climb sheer surfaces, track game, navigate and map, forage for wild edibles, administer first aid, jump gaps, balance narrow ledges, ride a mount, and swim rough water.
    There's no need to record these skills on the character sheet. When the player declares an action, the DM will determine how to resolve it, usually by having the player make an ability check by rolling a d20, adding bonuses or penalties, and meeting or beating a target number. Only some classes improve skills as they gain levels, such as the Thief and Ranger.
    Players and DMs may work out when a character's race, class, or background justifies a bonus to any skill check, for any of these skills or other skills not listed that you can imagine.

Thief Skills - Thieves improve at the following skills as they gain levels:
*Pick Pocket
*Open Locks (requires Thieves Tools)
*Disarm Traps (requires Thieves Tools)
Climb (Requires rope and/or climbing gear. The thief has a significant climb skill.)
Move Silently
Hide
Listen
*Backstab (this is actually a special attack, not a skill)
*skills exclusive to Thieves

Other Skills
    In a rules light game, the DM will make rulings regarding other skills. Such actions will typically be resolved as ability checks. Listed below are some classic and modern skills with brief explanations. You may use them as reference and inspiration for actions in play.
    Animal Handling to command or train animals, appraise the monetary value of an item, gamble at games, gather information such as news, gossip, and rumors, commit forgery, escape artistry, disguise, speech such as bluff, diplomacy, intimidate, communicate with another creature who doesn't share a language, or read lips, decipher script to identify writing, craft makeshift objects or minor ordinary objects with artisan tools, performance arts, concentration on spellcasting in the presence of distractions, medicine to diagnose and treat injuries or illness, work a profession or trade, recall or learn knowledge or identify something unknown, sense motives of a creature, sleight of hand to use the hands to conceal an object, spellcraft to identify a spell, magic research to learn new spells or create magic items, tumble and perform stunts or acrobatic feats, use rope to secure a grappling hook, tie a knot, or bind a creature, use magic device to activate an magic item.

DM Tips

  • Target numbers are in reality, arbitrary. Set a target number for a skill check based on a reasonable difficulty. Come up with a difficulty scale, such as ~7 for easy, ~12 for medium, 17+ for hard. Adjust the difficulty towards easy as the characters level up to represent how they improve.
  • You don't need to roll for everything. Rolls are required if you determine if there is a chance of failure and if there are consequences for failure.
  • The DM is in charge of the rules. You can make up any rules, just let the players know what kind of rules they're going to be playing with. A good time to discuss homebrew rules is when inviting new players to games or at session zeros.

Saturday, November 7, 2020

Thorncroft

Campaign Setting of Thorncroft

The world is ordinary. Magic and monsters are the things of fairy tales - yet there are mysteries.

Outside the city walls are things that go bump in the night. Travelers go missing on major roads. Inside, a secret thieves guild competes against a cabal of merchants that doesn't exist for control of the city. The Church of St. Rose is rumored to conduct witch trials behind closed doors. Mercenary work is becoming popular, but mercenaries don't seem to live that long. Beware the Pariahs.

The frontier city of Throncroft is offering land to anyone who is willing work and has attracted a lot of mercenaries to explore the unknown, and to fight with barbarian tribes and strange beasts. 

The setting is exclusively human. Demi-humans such as Dwarves, Elves, and Halflings are to ordinary people as space aliens are to us.

There are only four basic classes: Fighter, Cleric, Thief, and Magic-User. Prestige classes may be earned by gaining reputation and status.

Fighters come in nearly infinite flavors: Man-at-Arms, Rangers, Barbarians, Bounty Hunters, Knights, Vikings, Soldiers, etc. They can use all weapons, armor, and shields, and they have the best hit die and attack bonus.

Clerics are not just village priests and nuns, they are extremely rare like saints. They have miraculous power. They follow a strict code of ethics. Fallen are Clerics who falter and they lose their miraculous power. Clerics must be ordained by the Church of St. Rose (a generic western religion). They observe all rituals and practices. Clerics use all armor and shields, but may only use weapons that do bludgeoning damage. They can pray for miracles in a manner that only a magic-user would describe as similar to spellcasting: Players describe the effect of the miracle the pray for, and the DM tells them what to roll if they need to roll. Roll low and you may not get your miracle; God is mysterious. Clerics can turn the undead by brandishing their Holy symbol and invoking the name of God.

Thieves can use skills, thieves tools, and can Backstab. They usually have many contacts; They are the guy who knows a guy. They can wear leather armor and use all weapons.

Magic-Users are so rare that ordinary people don't believe they exist. This gives them anonymity, but they have to use discretion when they cast spells or risk dying a witch. They keep their spells in books that may resemble a plain journal. Non-Magic-Users don't understand magic script and can only comprehend that they've found something terrifying and otherworldly. Spells must be memorized before they can be cast and are forgotten once cast. Staffs and knives are the only weapons and armor they can use. Magic-Users do not automatically learn new spells with experience. They must do their own magical research and investigate legends and lore.

The DM will be running a free-form, homebrew game system based heavily on Basic Fantasy RPG which is a free, rules lite retro-clone with some modern d20 mechanics. You can download the core rules in PDF form here: https://www.basicfantasy.org/downloads.html. You are encouraged to read the beginners essentials, but you don't need to know any of the rules in the beginning. Read the house-rules here: https://wetjunk.blogspot.com/2020/11/thorncroft-house-rules.html.

Thorncroft House-rules

Explanation of Setting, Game Mechanics and House-Rules

General Information
Read my setting pitch here: https://wetjunk.blogspot.com/2020/11/thorncroft_7.html

The type of game will be homebrew, will have a generally serious tone with a focus on character and narrative, and feature a balance of combat, exploration, and social interaction. The genre is low-fantasy with elements of dark fantasy. The setting is more grounded in realism. Magic and monsters are rare and people are superstitious. The game can take players from level 1 to 10+.

GM Style: The rules used are heavily based on Basic Fantasy RPG, but the game will be free-form rather than defer to a rule system. The DM will resolve most PC and NPC actions by making rulings using the core mechanic. Many house rules are used to simplify and speed up the game and eliminate rules discussion during play. My rules will make things abstract rather than simulate how they would really work and will make certain assumptions. These rules are explained below to help players understand the GM's style and the setting in five sections: General Information, Setting Information, Character Creation, Survival Mechanics, and Combat & Chases.

DM rulings based on what seems reasonable will resolve anything not covered by the rules. Players will tell the DM what they want to do and the DM will tell them whether or not it's possible and what they need to roll if a roll is called for.

Core Mechanic: Roll a d20, roll high. Try to meet or beat a target number. 

Target numbers for the difficulty of tasks will be arbitrary and take the following into account: Your DM will assume what your character is good at (skills, training, and knowledge) based on your character's class, level, and the background provided by players. The actual conceivable difficulty of the task will inform the target number. Stressful or intense situations (situational modifiers) may modify a target number. The difficulty of target numbers will trend higher at lower character levels and lower at higher character levels.

Secret Rolls will be made by the DM on behalf of the players for some actions when it's reasonable that the character would not to know whether they failed or not such as hiding, searching for a secret door or hidden trap, or listening for danger. This is done to create uncertainty which can create tension and suspense, to encourage cautious play, and to mitigate meta-gaming.

Inspiration is not used, but if you roleplay well and if it's dramatically appropriate, your DM will allow you to fail forward on unsuccessful rolls. Failing forward means when you fail a roll, you succeed instead but at a cost.

Cell phones are not allowed so bring your paper character sheet, a pencil and dice.

No rule books during play. If you don't know a rule or how something works such as a weapon or a spell, the DM will make a ruling and move on. The rule can be looked up after the game. Make sure you know how your character works.

Absent or tardy players will not stop the group from playing depending on the group size. Absent players' characters do not earn XP. If you're absent, the DM may either run your character or assign your character to a player to run. For habitually absent players, the DM will declare your character as the official party door opener for the sessions you miss.

Charisma checks: I want to encourage speaking in character but I don't want to penalize players who are not comfortable speaking in character. Therefore, a roll for speech or charisma may depend on what the player character says rather than how the player says it.

Living expenses; To simplify book keeping, a modest adventurer's living expenses costs approximately 1 gp per day or 30 gp per month spent in a village, town, or city. This is assumed to be paid by player characters and covers food, hygiene needs, maintenance of weapons, armor, clothes, shoes, etc., and lodging. Players who use ammo regularly are assumed to restock a minimum quantity after returning from adventure. Characters who desire a more comfortable lifestyle will spend more. 

Universal Target Numbers (Optional Rule) The DM may make known to the players a universal target number that applies to everything within a room, themed area or section, or a floor of a given location to speed up and simplify gameplay. Example: All enemies in this area have an AC of 11, it's 11 to search for hidden doors, 11 to sneak, 11 to trick a guard, 11 to decipher a magic glyph, 11 to pick a lock, 11 to disarm a trap.

Reputation and status; As a general rule, your character's status in the setting will be proportionate to your level. Your party will earn a reputation based on party and character behavior, such as acting noble, heroic, roguish, etc., living expenses, and general success or failure rate of goals.

Item crafting is not available to player characters except for high level Clerics and high level Magic-Users, other conditions apply, unless you provide a good backstory supporting your character having skill with a specific type of crafting. See page 154 of the core rules for Basic Fantasy RPG for Magic Research.   

XP is awarded at the end of each session and XP is based on a combination of things: Overcoming enemies and obstacles, acquiring treasure, and completing objectives. Note that killing enemies is not the only way to earn XP from them.

Player Etiquette & Expectations
1. The first round of character creation will be done as a group (Session 0) so that players can bounce ideas off each other, ask questions, and make characters who mesh. Alternatively, 1-on-1 with the DM.  Bring multiple character concepts and be prepared to create a personalized backstory for a character before session 1 or the DM will assign you one.
Pre-gens available on request.
2. The game should be fun for everyone. If you make a character who causes issues, the DM will have a talk with you about retiring that character.
3. It is the player's job at character creation to provide a good reason for their character to adventure with the party and better yet a good reason to be loyal to the party. Example: A Lawful character may need a very good reason to adventure with a character who is an outlaw.

4. Players cannot create evil characters or play their characters evilly. Specific restrictions include: No backstabbing, no stealing from other PCs, no speech checks or mind control against other PCs.
5. Players should make a character who is compatible with the group as well as the game. Maybe this isn't the group or the campaign for that one character concept you've been itching to play.
6. Players should pay attention and be ready when it's their turn.
 


Setting Information

Thorncroft is a large town or small city with lots of farmland and ranches on its outskirts and is located on the edge of a frontier. Player's characters are required to register with the mercenary guild to receive official mercenary work from Thorncroft regency. NPCs around town may offer rumors and less prestigious yet potentially significant quests. Per the arrangement between Throncroft and the mercenary guild, players will eventually receive a title to land with a simple house on the city outskirts, but they must swear loyalty before a witness first:

"I will be a lawful man and bear loyalty to our king and his heirs, and to my lord and his heirs, and I will be a justicicable to my guild master, so help me God and the saints."

    Entering the city. Upon arriving at the city, guards will collect a toll. The toll will be based on an assumption of the character's wealth based on how they're dressed or what wealth they're carrying, but will be no higher than 10 gp. Visitors names are recorded as well as where they're from, what their business is in the city, and where they'll be staying. They will be asked if there is anyone in the city who can vouch for their character. Visitors will be the first suspects of any crimes and a visitors host will be responsible.
    Laws are strict. Mercenaries are not allowed to wear armor or carry shields in the city. They can wear a weapon, however, drawing a weapon
for any reason inside the city is illegal and you will be arrested for attempted murder and executed in d4 days without trial. Fighting will get you locked up for 1d4 days and fined 10 gp. Thievery is not tolerated. If the value of the item stolen is under 10 gp, you will be locked up in the stocks for a week on a first offense. On a second offense or if the value of an item is 10 gp or greater, you will lose a hand and be expelled from the city. After that, thieves are executed. Magic-Users witnesses casting spells will be arrested and given a witch trial by the church.
    Classism exists and the Merchant and Noble Classes do not often intermingle with the peasant class. Sumptuary laws are in place that restrict the way you dress and what part of the city you're permitted based on your social class, and require people to identify their trade by a wearing a garment, a pin, button, a patch, or a symbol on a necklace. Dressing above your station includes wearing fine clothes, gold or silver jewelry, is illegal and will result with a 10 gp fine on a first offense and sentenced to the stocks for 1d4 days on future offenses.
    Traders and numerous in the city and in the outskirts. The city primarily produces food, alcohol, and also a variety of trade goods. Notable merchants include a middle-aged blacksmith named Allan Armstrong whose weapons and armor are fine, superior, and masterwork quality, but there is a waiting list, they are expensive, and wearing one may be a violation of sumptuary laws.
    Brief history: The city was once a collection of farms with battle fortifications, called crofts. The regions also contains an abundance of a thorny weed locally
called Devil Weed that was used as an improvised defensive barrier against thieves and wild animals. This is where the city gets its name Throncroft. The people of Thorncroft have always been brave and hard working, but have always respected the dangers of the frontier. Devil Weed still grows abundantly.

The Frontier is a largely unexplored and uncharted wilderness with many unknown dangers. Expeditions have historically failed. The frontier is home to wild animals, barbarian tribes, brigands, and pariahs.

The Church of Saint Rose is a clone of Christianity. I decided this for two purposes. 1. because of its imagery within fantasy and horror and 2. Peoples general familiarity with it. The sabbath day is Sunday on which they do not eat meat or do work. Followers may not eat animals considered to be unclean, such as vermn, scavengers, shellfish, or bugs. Acolytes, priests, nun, and clerics, also called the clergy, may not get drunk and take vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience. The church opposes black magic and witchcraft, and does not make a distinction from magic used by Magic-Users.

Monsters, including the undead, are rare and mysterious. It is assumed that Adventurers do not know any monster lore such as monster weakness or powers. An entire plot or adventure may revolve around a single monster. The church would order any cleric to vanquish monsters.

Mercenary Guild keeps the mercenaries in line and gives them work. The guild has been granted a charter by Thorncroft regency. The  presence of mercenaries makes some people uneasy, but others have gotten used to it. Player Characters must register with this guild. The registration fee and monthly will replace the modest lifestyle expenses of 30 gp per month. After registering with the mercenary guild, you'll be read the riot act (issued a severe warning) about expectations in and out of the city. If the mercenary can't police themselves, they could all be penalized by the city.

Magic in this setting is rare and mysterious. Clerics use a soft magic system perceived as miracles. Magic-User's use a hard magic system. Soft magic and hard magic refer to how complex and clearly defined are the rules of a magic system. This adds variety to the the play-styles of each class.The magic used by Magic-Users is indistinguishable from witchcraft or black magic to followers of the Church who are superstitious and fearful. Maybe you can explain that you're a performing illusionist which is still frowned upon but likely to save you from a witches' death.

Soft Magic rules: When you want to cast a spell, you will describe the desired effect to the DM and the DM will tell you to make a spellcasting roll, which is a d20 + your spellcasting ability bonus or penalty. If you roll low, casting the spell may fail in which case nothing happens, or the spell may be miscast, meaning the effect may be less potent than described, or something may go terribly wrong. You can cast a number of spells per day equal to your character's level + your spellcasting ability bonus or penalty. You can refer to the rule book for inspiration or select an appropriate class spell out of the rule book to cast.

Hard magic rules: Traditional Vancian magic. Spells are kept in written from, such as a spellbook. Magic script can only be read by magic-users, and discovering it would be terrifying to ordinary people. Spells must be memorized to be cast and are forgotten once cast. You can memorize a number of spells per day equal to your character level + your spellcasting ability bonus or penalty. You may choose to forget a spell without casting it to memorize a different spell. Memorizing your spells for the day or any new spells requires one uninterrupted hour. Memorized spells that are not cast persist from day to day. The effects of some spells improves with character level sometimes also called caster level. Magic typically forces targets to make a saving throw rather than a caster making an attack roll.

Potions found randomly as treasure have to be identified either by testing them or by tasting them. This is dangerous and can result with death if you taste poison and fail your saving throw. Drinking, administering, or throwing a potion requires an action.

Apothecaries (as well as herbalists, alchemists, and high level magic users) in this setting make potions and sell them as medicine. Apothecaries may also be able to make poisons, but that would be unlawful. Many people are suspicious that apothecaries make and deal poison, and so the business is feared and stigmatized. Apothecaries can identify some but not all potions and poisons for a price.

The Setting's identity is inspired by low fantasy and medieval European material (anachronisms abound such as Ethnicity not being important to people). You might be able to find a scimitar, but you won't find a katana. The setting is feudal and so most people are lawful and are loyalty to a lord or a realm is important to people. Faith in whatever the predominant religion is is also strongly valued by people. People everywhere will generally be suspicious of people without a country or a religion.

The Language of the setting is based on a low-tech culture and is therefore simpler and less consistent (it lacks standardization) than modern language. Separate concepts might not be differentiated by the words people know. As a consequence, the meanings of words may vary in different villages, towns, and cities or they may have their own words for the same thing. This is significant because what one culture calls a goblin, another culture may call an imp or a gremlin, and so the only way to know for sure what the villagers are scared of may be to come face to face with it. Do the simple villagers know the difference between an ogre, an orc, a troll, a bugbear, a wild man wearing a bear pelt, or an unusual cave bear?


Character Creation

Pitch your character concept. What is your name, class, backstory, and a specific, dramatic goal. Also write about something your character loves, something they hate, and something they fear. Backgrounds will be used for story material. You must pick one of the four basic class (fighter, cleric, thief, magic-user; refer to my setting pitch linked at the very top) and you may flavor it anyway you like; however, characters must suit the genre, setting, and tone for the game. Players characters should mesh and players have to work out a good reason why their characters adventure together. No evil player characters.

Ability scores are generated randomly by rolling 3d6 in order to create unique characters. The idea is that you're playing an average person who either chose or was forced to a life adventure. Abilities do not ordinarily improve with experience. Ability bonus and penalties are small.

  • A score of 9-12 gives no bonus or penalty. 
  • 13-15 and 6-8 give +/-1 respectively.
  • 16-17 and 4-5 give +/-2 respectively.
  • 18 and 3 give +/-3 respectively.

Hit points will be low and are generated by rolling your hit die and adding your constitution bonus or penalty. You keep all 1's you roll. You always gain a minimum of 1 hit point per level regardless of penalties. Enemy hit points will generally be low too.

Starting money will be 3d6 *10 gp which the players will use to purchase their starting equipment.

Carry capacity is the maximum number of item slots you can have and is equal to 20 + your Strength score. A backpack or reasonably equivalent container is worth 20 of those slots. Your movement becomes 0' if your inventory exceeds your max carry capacity.  Items of size, shape, and weight that cannot reasonably be carried, can't. Items that reasonably stack, do, but to a limit. Equipment worn and money carried count against your carrying capacity. Your movement is reduced by 10' if the number of items in your inventory is within five of your capacity. Characters are assumed to carry all items in their backpack but may choose 5 weapons or items that can be worn or stored in pockets or pouches. You can draw or stow one worn or pocketed item as part of your action. Items in your backpack require a full combat turn to withdraw.

Thief Skills are what makes the thief special and worth having in the party. All classes can listen at doors, search for secret doors and search for hidden traps (and succeed by rolling a 1 on a 1d6), but only the thief can climb sheer walls (with climbing gear), move silently, hide in shadows, pick pockets, pick locks (with thief tools) and disarm traps (also requiring thief tools). The thief will improve at these skills over time. Thieves use percentile dice for all skills listed. When any other class attempts to listen at doors or search for hidden doors and traps, they roll a d6 and succeed on a 1 (or must roll an 18 or better on a d20 modified by Wisdom). Thief skills do not work in metal armor.

Want to be a Cleric? Clerics have access to awesome powers. The exchange they accept is that they have to live by a strict code and are lawful good. That creates game balance. Clerics have a holy cause and a level of determination that distinguishes them from the rest of the party who might just be mercenaries.
   
Clerics don't cast spells, they pray for miracles. Clerics can pray for miracles a number of times per day equal to their level + their Wisdom bonus or penalty. After that, their prayers will not be heard until the next day.
    If a party has a Cleric and a Magic-User, (or a Cleric and Thief for that matter) it's up to the players to work out a plausible explanation why the cleric does not attempt to kill or capture the Magic-User as a witch and submit them to god's judgement and would even hide the Magic-User from the church.

Class Options? If you have character concept you would like to realize that does not fit the four basic classes, discuss potential flavor or mechanics changes with the DM. The DM will attempt a re-skinning of a class that suites the setting before making any minimalist mechanical changes. For example, a Cleric can be reskinned as a Druid. Paladins are a prestige class in the Thorncroft setting as well as combination Martial-Magic classes. Martial artists who use Ki, characters with a lineage granting them innate magic, and psychics are not setting appropriate. Necromancy is not available to players. Players who want to play a character who makes a contract with a magical creature, fey, or demonic entity in exchange for power would very rare but available as a reskinned Magic-User with a soft magic system like Clerics, and contractual obligations similar to Clerics code of ethics.


Survival Mechanics

In-game time will be measured in rounds. The lengths of rounds will vary from abstract to precise and will be context based. Exploring a dungeon? 1 round is 10 minutes because it assumes slow, cautious and methodical exploration in a dark, trap laden, danger infested, unfamiliar, and complex environment. It also assumes the party is mapping. Rushing in a dungeon? A round might be 1 minute. 1 round of combat or a chase? 10 seconds. Exploring a city? A round might be morning, afternoon, evening, or night, or 1 or 2 hour chunks. Exploring the wilderness might be day and night or 4, 6, or 8 hour chunks.

Sleep, food and water requirements will be considered in the wilderness or in a dungeon. You need at least 6 uninterrupted hours of sleep (or abstracted as one uneventful night) per 24 hours. Food and water requirements are measured abstractly. You require at least 1 inventory space of food and 1 inventory space of water per day. Food and water carried are assumed to be consumed throughout the day. You are exhausted if you fail to meet these requirements after 1 day and you suffer a -2 penalty on attack rolls, saving throws, and ability checks until you get all your required sleep, food, and water. If you are exhausted for 2 consecutive days, you no longer heal lost hit points. You die after 3 consecutive days of exhaustion.

Healing is slow like natural healing to reinforce the severity of wounds and injuries aka taking damage. You recover 1 hit point per day. You recover an additional 1 hit point per day if you choose bed rest. You can visit an apothecary or herbalist for medicine. Exhaustion from a lack of sleep, food, and water can interfere with natural healing. You can visit a church and donate money for healing services. Magic-Users recover expended spell-slots after a full night of rest. Optional rule: To speed up gameplay, PCs recover 1d3 HP per day and an additional 1d3 HP if they choose bed rest.

0 Hit Points means you are dead. Player deaths are a part of gaming and the threat of which is essential to creating tension and an exciting experience. In order for life and death to mean anything, resurrection is not available by ordinary means. Make decisions for your character like you value them. Be resourceful, be clever, and use good teamwork.

Save or Die, meaning that failing a single saving throws such as Save vs. Death Ray, Save vs Poison, and Save vs Turn to Stone can mean a slow but certain death or instant death. Therefore be smart and cautious.

Navigation. Characters can travel confidently on roads, in familiar regions, by using a map, when led by a guide. Otherwise, players must navigate. The party declares the general direction and distance, or an intended destination. The DM may call a for a navigation check. On a failure, the party is lost and the DM determines how lost. Getting lost results with lost time and resources, and more opportunities for unwanted random encounters.

Travel Speed. The party can travel across wilderness at a rate of 6 miles for every 10' of movement per day (8 hours march). Some terrain may reduce the party's travel speed. The party travels at the speed of its slowest member. In dungeon exploration phase, the players move 3 times their movement per 10 minute turn. In combat, the party moves their movement speed per turn.

Marching and Forced March. PCs can travel the wilderness 8 hours per day. If they travel any longer, that is called a forced march; They may travel up to 12 hours per day then they roll a Save vs Death Ray + Con or take 1d6 damage.

Light Sources will be required by adventurers to light caves and dungeons or dark wilderness if they want to travel at night. Torches stack up to 3 and 1 torch burns for approximately 1 hour or 6 rounds in a dungeon. Lanterns burn one flask of oil in approximately 4 hours or 24 turns in a dungeon. Candles stack up to 12, shed much less light, 5'. They burn for 3 turns per inch of height. 

Doors in dungeons generally very solid and heavy. They are usually jammed or stuck and often swing closed behind you, re-jamming. Forcing open doors is loud and can can alert or attract danger. You can keep doors from closing behind you by spiking them open (hammering an iron spike in to the door frame). Sometimes doors will be blocked from the other side and can't be opened. Characters can listen at doors for sounds of movement or talking on the other side (rolling a 1 on a d6).


Combat & Chases

Initiative will be countdown initiative. Each player rolls a d6 for initiative. The DM counts down from 6. When your initiative number is called, you go. Ties go simultaneously with priority typically going to missile attacks, then melee, then magic. The DM then resumes the countdown until everyone has had their turn. Initiative is rerolled each round so that turn order is not predictable. You have a 3 minute time limit to declare what you're doing or else your turn is skipped and the DM declares that your character hesitated.

Zone combat (may be used) mixes the abstract nature of theater of the mind style play and the tactical nature of a battle map. The map is broken up into zones that represent ranges: Melee range in the center, Missile range outside of that, and far range outside of that. Per move action, creatures can change one range and may move up to the length of a pencil or a hand. Creatures in missile range can make melee attacks against adjacent creatures in missile range, but melee attacks cannot be made across ranges. Creatures in Far Range are too far to see combat, but they can hear it.

Actions in Combat. On your turn, you can move and you can make one action, you can move twice (called running), you can move without acting, or you can act without moving. That's it. You can do anything for your action within reason. Attacking ends your turn. You can choose to hold your action and act on a later initiative count, in which case your action has first priority.

AC or Armor Class is an abstract value of your character's total ability to defend themself + their armor and shield. AC assumes the target is prepared to defend. If the target is not prepared to defend, perhaps because they are asleep, paralyzed, or somehow rendered helpless, attacks may be automatic and damage may be maximized or doubled. In some cases, a the target may roll Save vs Death Ray to avoid attacks.

Saving Throws represent your characters reflexes, therefore, you may not always be allowed a save against an attack or trap that you're not aware of it or when you're not being careful.

Flanking gives you a +1 attack bonus. Attacking form behind gives you a +2 attack bonus unless the creature's anatomy grants them no such weakness. These bonuses do not stack with backstab.

Cover is abstracted thusly: Partial cover, which generally provides a +3 bonus to AC and saving throws, and full cover which grants complete protection from attacks or spells that require line of sight. The DM may rule that the bonus provided by partial cover is different depending on the type of cover.

Prone means you are flat on the ground. You can choose to drop prone at no cost or you can be knocked prone. You expend half your moment to stand from prone. While prone, you can crawl for half your movement. Dropping prone behind partial cover means you receive the benefits of full cover. While prone, melee attacks made against you have a +4 bonus. Ranged attacks made against a prone target have a -4 penalty if the target is greater than 5' away and a +4 bonus if the target is within 5'.

Kneeling can provide archers with a +2 attack bonus, however, rising from a kneel costs half movement.

Critical hits. I don't use critical hits because of the low hit points nature of my game. In combat, a natural 20 always hits. A natural 1 always misses. Double damage is achieved by thieves performing a backstab.

Underwater combat. Only Melee weapons that do piercing damage are effective underwater. Missile and thrown weapons do not work if fired into water or under water. Slashing and bludgeoning weapons do half damage. Exceptions may apply to aquatic and marine creatures. Fire magic does not work underwater.

Dual-wielding is permissible (yet a-historical) with light or medium weapons only. Your off-hand attacks with a -5 penalty. You cannot take your move action in-between attacks, but you can attack separate adjacent targets.

Grappling. To grapple, make an attack roll. If you are successful, you can restrain a creature that is about your size or smaller. A grappled creature has a movement of 0 and can attempt to escape on their turn by making a Save vs Death Ray, or they may attack their attacker at a +2 bonus. One who has successfully restrained a creature can make an automatic attack against that creature on their next turn.

Brawling. Punching and kicking does d3 + strength bonus or penalty damage, minimum of 1 damage. If you punch or kick a creature in metal armor, you receive damage instead. Brawling is considered subduing damage.

Ranged Attacks that Miss. If you make a ranged attack against a creature and your attack roll fails, you might hit an adjacent creature within 5' instead. The DM makes attack rolls for the attacker against all adjacent creatures within reason until rolling a single success or until the attack misses all creatures.

Subduing damage or non-lethal attacks. You can knock an opponent unconscious rather than kill them by declaring an an intent to do so and then reducing an opponent to 0 hit points with a melee attack. This cannot be accomplished with cutting or piercing features of a weapon. Using such a weapon to attempt subduing damage deals 1d4 damage.

Improvised Weapons are objects or tools resembling weapons. They do 1d4 damage.

Missile Fire ranges: A ranged weapon receives a different bonus or penalty to attack rolls at the following ranges: short (+1), normal (+0) and long range (-2).
If your target is 5' away and is able to defend themself or if the target is at short range or greater and is prone, you have a -5 to your attack roll.

Backstab grants a +4 to your attack roll. It typically works on a creature once per encounter; Once you backstab a creature, it will be careful of you. To backstab, you must be behind a creature.  You either must be hidden or it must be reasonable that the creature is not aware of your presence or able to defend.

 

Social Interaction Rules

Speech checks will be resolved either by Roleplay or you may state "my character explains this in this manner." The DM will use this information to determine whether to call for a speech roll and how high to set the target number. Charisma, status reputation may influence the roll.

Hirelings are NPCs that the players can hire to join them on their adventures with fighters being the most common. Hirelings can be used to round out the party. First level adventurers can typically only hire 0 level NPCs. PCs cannot hire NPCs who are a higher level. Players will have to seek potential candidates NPCs and make a proposition. Quality hirelings will charge a fee and expect an equal share of any treasure or reward, and an equal share of the risk. Hirelings who are mistreated by the PCs with spread the word. Hirelings earn a 1/2 share of XP instead of a normal share. The quality of your offer will add a bonus or penalty to the roll.

  • Nat 1; Offer refused and NPC is offended; -1 on successive attempts
  • Low roll; offer refused offer
  • Medium roll: NPC not satisfied and asks for a better offer
  • High roll: NPC accepts offer  
  • Nat 20; Offer accepted and NPC is impressed, +1 loyalty 

Reaction Rolls: For random NPCs or monster encounters, the DM may be undecided or desire to determine randomly the NPCs first impression of the party by a roll and adjusting with the lead character's charisma.

  • 1 or Nat 1; NPC is Hostile or Suspicious
  • Low roll; NPC has a negative disposition towards the party
  • Medium roll: Fair or mild disposition towards the party
  • High roll: Friendly or Positive disposition towards the party
  • Nat 20 or 20+; NPC is very kind or generous



Updated 11/11/2020 by Joshua

Random Potion / Poison Table (d66), Potion Mixing Table (d%)

Introduction
    Why do adventurers just drink bottles labeled "healing potion" that they find in a dungeon or a villain's lair? It could be dangerous! How do you know the potion hasn't gone bad and won't make you sick? Even if the label says "Love Potion" how do you know it's not laced with a tasteless, odorless, deadly poison? It's probably safer just to pour it out.
    In my game, players will usually have to identify a container of liquid that's not obviously water or booze by smelling or tasting it, or testing it on another creature. Hopefully, they don't forget which bottle is which later. When players find an item on this list, they are to write "bottle, mystery liquid" in their inventory and the number they rolled next to it. Therefore, do not let them read this list. If they identify it, tell them to keep the number so that Poison 11 and Poison 24 can be looked up later.
    A d66 is like rolling on two tables at once or rolling on one table with thirty-six results. The first d6 is the tens place, the second d6 is the ones place. The DM may choose to only roll for the tens place and then choose the ones place. The DM may choose to roll or to have the player roll.
    The tens place tells you the item's category. Anything in category 1 is a nameless poison, some are deadly. 2 is temporary detrimental effects; players may save vs poison or another appropriate save to completely or just partially avoid the effect. 3 is a mundane liquids. 4 is a medicine. 5 is potions granting temporary beneficial effects. 6 is elixirs granting permanent beneficial effects.     Notes about category 2 and 6. Items in category 2 can be used by the DM to give foreshadowing or clues about the game or to create roleplay moments for the Player. Anything in category 6 is exceedingly rare cannot be made by players doing magical research or item creation without spending at least 5,000 gp or whatever amount is an obscene amount in your game, such as the amount of gp a single character will earn over their entire adventuring career. Also, if your players find a category 6 item, you may choose to give it to them later in the adventure and give them another random potion now.
    When the Potion description indicates a number of rounds, that's typically rounds of dungeon exploration, but you can change it as you see fit.

Random Potion / Poison Table (d66)
11. Poison, Deadly Nightshade, Save vs Poison with a -2 penalty or Instant Death
12. Poison of Belladonna Extract, Save vs Poison or die
13. Poison of Harm, Save vs Poison or lose 2d6 hit points (instantly or slowly over d6 rounds)
14. Poison of Paralysis, Save vs Paralysis or become physically Numb d6 rounds
15. Poison of Blindness, Save vs Poison or become Blind 2d6 rounds -4 penalty on attack rolls & AC
16. Poison of Sickness, Save vs Poison or become Sick 2d6 rounds, -2 penalty on attack rolls
21. Poison of Fear, d6 rounds PC makes morale checks of 7 or flee danger
22. Poison of Hallucinations, d6 rounds experience vivid hallucinations*
23. Poison of Nightmares, Fall asleep d6 rounds experience a vivid nightmare
24. Poison of Silence. Deaf for d6 rounds, -3 to attack rolls, Save Throws, & AC
25. Potion of Dreams, Fall asleep d6 rounds experience a vivid dream
26. Poison of Madness, d6 rounds player gains random madness
31. Oil
32. Acid (2d6 damage, splash 1d6)
33. Water, Clean, Dirty or Foul
34. Holy Water (Players can only tell it's holy unless they use it on undead!)
35. Wine (d10 1-5 common worth 1 gp, 6-8 fine worth 10 gp, 9-10 Exquisite 25+ gp)
36. Very Hard Alcohol (somewhat flammable)
41. Potion of Healing, 1d6+1 hit points
42. Potion of Healing, (potent) 2d6+2 hit points
43. Potion of Healing, inert or spoiled
44. Potion of Cure Poison, effect of poison are stopped
45. Potion of Greater Healing, 3d6+3 hit points
46. Potion of Greater Healing, (potent) 4d6+4 hit points
51. Potion of Perception, 2d6 rounds +1 to search checks or +16% for thieves,
52. Potion of Quickness, d6 rounds +10' movement, +1 Dex Bonus and S. vs D Ray
53. Potion of Serenity, d6 rounds feel serene. +1 Wis Bonus, Ignore debuffs.
54. Potion of Guile, d6 rounds, gain +1 Int Bonus, Thief skills +5%
55. Potion of Might, d6 rounds, gain +1 Str Bonus
56. Potion of Vigor, d6 rounds, gain +1 Con Bonus, +1d6 Save vs Poisons
61. Elixir of Strength, Permanent +1 to Strength Score
62. Elixir of Intelligence, Permanent +1 to Intelligence Score
63. Elixir of Dexterity, Permanent +1 to Dexterity Score
64. Elixir of Wisdom, Permanent +1 to Wisdom Score
65. Elixir of Constitution, Permanent +1 to Constitution Score
66. Elixir of Charisma, Permanent +1 to Charisma Score

Varying Quality, Spoiling, and Mixing Potions and Poisons
    Not all potions or poisons come out the same. You as the DM can decide. They're made from scratch, by hand, and recipes can vary between apothecaries. Quality of the ingredients can easily vary. Sometimes, alchemists don't clean out their glassware or mixing bowls very well and other ingredients find their way into a healing potion. Some potions may spoil more rapidly. Some mixtures might separate and require vigorous shaking. Therefore, any potion or poison has the possibility of spoiling and becoming inert or less potent. Any potion or poison my have effects of a longer or shorter duration. Any potion or poison might be brewed with more or less potency than a similar potion or poison. Also, what happens if you drink two different potions back to back? When they mix inside the body, do they neutralize, become deadly, enhance their effects, or cause a completely different effect?

Other Considerations
    A fabulous potion or an undetectable deadly poison can be the object of a plot or the goal of an NPC. Just because you pass your save vs poison, do you not suffer? Are healing potions completely without side-effects? Do they taste bad? Do some characters have a chance of vomiting a healing potion? Do you assume that the base of a healing potion was water? Maybe the brewer used alcohol. You may have restored 6 hit points, but you've lost you balance for an hour. Is drinking too many healing potions toxic?

Potion Mixing Table
If you drink two potions within 1 hour, the DM may decide to roll on the following table to see what happens or the DM may roll a d20 and roll on the table if a 1 is rolled. If you get a Transformation result, the DM determines how long it lasts; anywhere from moments to indefinite. Note that mixing separate potions into a single container works just the same.
01 - Potions explode! You suffer 10d10+10 damage. No save.
02 - You turn to stone. Save at -2 penalty
03 - Max Hit points permanently decrease by 1d6
04 - Poison, Save or die
05 - Numb for 1 day
06 - Blind for 1 day
07 - Deaf for 1 day
08 - Sick for 1d4+1 days
09-10 - Sick for 1 day
11 - Exhaustion 1 day
12 - Movement down by 10' for 1 day
13 - Transformation, A flower, leafs, and vines grow out of wounds that appear in your dominant arm and hand
14 - Transformation, Eyes change color or shape
15 - Transformation, Hair changes color, spontaneously grows, or falls out
16 - Transformation, gain or lose darkvision
17 - Transformation, gain keen smell
18 - Transformation, gain keen hearing
19 - Transformation, gain gills and underwater breathing
20 - Transformation, gain webbed hands and feet; 30' of swimming speed
21 - Transformation, gain claws and a natural d6 barehanded damage
22 - Transformation, gain a tail
23 - Transformation, gain a horn
24 - Transformation, gain a set of horns or antlers
25 - Cured of each condition: Paralysis, Poison, Sleep, Blind, Deaf, Exhaustion
26 - Permanently lose a level 1 spell slot
27 - Permanently gain (an additional) level 1 spell slot
28 - Recover all expended First level spellslots
29 - Recover all expended First through Third level spellslots
30-50 - Nothing goes wrong. Congratulations!
51-63 - Second Potion is neutralized, effects do not happen
64-72 - Effects of First potion are doubled or otherwise enhanced
73-74 - Recover 1d6 hit points
75-76 - Recover 2d6 hit points
77 - Feel lucky, gain +3 AC until completing a long rest
78-81 - Recover 3d6 hit points
82-85 - Feel sensation of Warmth, You have effect of Cold Resist for a day
86-89 - Feel a sensation of Comfort, you have the effect of Fire Resist for a day
90 - Feel energized, Recover all lost hit points and gain 3d6 temporary hit points for the day
91 - Effects of 90 and you are no longer exhausted and do not get hungry or thirsty for 1d4+1 days
92 - Effects of 90-91 and you gain an additional 5d6 temporary hit points
93 - Effect of 90-92 and you also recover from 1 permanent injury
94 - Permanent increase to Strength score by 1
95 - Permanent increase to Intelligence score by 1
96 - Permanent increase to Dexterity score by 1
97 - Permanent increase to Wisdom score by 1
98 - Permanent increase to Constitution score by 1
99 - Permanent increase to Charisma score by 1
00 - Permanent 1d6 increase to max hit points

Sunday, October 25, 2020

D&D CHARACTER CREATION and SESSION ZERO DOCUMENT

    A character is more than numbers on a page. The purpose of this character creator document is to help create a character who is also dramatically interesting rather than just making a character who is simply mechanically interesting. You should consider where your character comes from, what they want, and why. Create a character who is appropriate for the setting and who compliments the group.
    Etiquette: You should be a player who gets along with the rest gaming group. Conflict can occur between player characters and among a party. This kind of conflict can be good when it's dramatic and drives the characters or story. There's also bad conflict. Players, no stealing from or attacking other Player Characters. No casting spells or using speech skills against other PCs. Do not create a character who causes trouble for the party or ruins other players fun. If you have to excuse your characters bad actions by saying "I'm just playing my character," that's a douchebag move. Just don't create that kind of character.

ORIGIN (2d6)
    Most people in the middle ages were ordinary and lower class. Role 2d6 and compare your result to the chart below. You have a 66% chance of having an unremarkable origin, but don't worry, that's perfectly good! You have a 33% chance of having a more interesting background, but royalty or divinity are not on the table. If you roll either "orphan" option, options 5 and 9 (11.1% chance each), you may re-roll on this table (re-rolling 5 and 9 on the second roll) to identify your character's secret origins which can be revealed by your DM during play. If you don't like your result, you may take result 7.
2. Born into a secret cult (2.8%)
3. Blood member of a crime family (5.5%)
4. Raised by the clergy (8.3%)
5. Orphan, either from the streets or the wilderness (11.1%)
6. Nomadic or Itinerant Folk (13.9%)
7. Peasant or Serf (16.6%)
8. Apprentice to a tradesman or skilled laborer (13.9%)
9. Orphan adopted by commoners (11.1%)
10. Apprentice Fighter or Magic-User (8.3%)
11. Part of a Merchant family (5.5%)
12. Nobility (2.8%)

GOAL (1d12)
    Many heroes come from tragedy (i.e. Odysseus, Hamlet, Batman). In the middle ages, life was hard but safe. If adventuring was easy, more people would do it. So, why did your character give up their old life? What specific, personal goal does your character adventure for? What is their purpose for adventuring? If you don't have a goal, return your character sheet to your DM now and please leave because your character is boring. You can roll a d12 or choose one of the options below, then elaborate. Goals like achieving glory, seeking fame and fortune, or curing their amnesia are not dramatic enough and are therefore not acceptable.
1. Escaping Slavery or Indentured Servitude (on the run)
2. Fleeing a loveless or arranged marriage
3. Accused of a crime (guilty or not); fleeing justice or banished
4. Seeking Revenge
5. Deserted the Army or Clergy
6. Rescue or reunite with a long lost loved one
7. Village destroyed by monsters, brigands, plague or drought
8. Swore an Oath / Repaying a Life Debt
9. Owe someone money (2d10 *100 gp (low) or 10d10 (high))
10. Hiding from Disgrace, Guilt or Shame
11. Seeking Redemption
12. Break a family curse or Seeking an answer to a haunting family mystery 

GOAL (FLAVOR)
More ideas for your character's goal.
1. Nobility or Royalty in exile trying to reclaim birthright
2. Devout on a holy mission to destroy evil and protect the innocent
3. Pilgrimage or Quest to acquire a boon and save your homeland
4.

FEAR (d20)
A hero cannot be brave without fear. What does your character fear? Role-playing your character's fear can create drama, suspense, tension, or laughter. A hero's fear is best inspired by their tragedy. If you roleplay your fears, you will probably have more opportunities to earn inspiration. Roll a d20 or pick one fear listed below, or pick any other fear of your choosing.
1. Being alone
2. Fire
3. The dark
4. Heights
5. Sight of Blood
6. Disease
7. The water
8. Undead creatures
9. Curses or Magic
10. Pagan superstition
11. Devils and demons
12. Religion or God
13. Storms
14. Dying of Starvation and Thirst
15. Insects
16. Madness and Insanity
17. Being lost or trapped
18. Dragons or another monster race
19. Asphyxiation
20. Humiliation

LOVE
Identify someone or something specific that your character loves that they would sacrifice and die for other than them self. Piccolo died for Gohan. Who or what does your character love and why? If the thing you love is someone the DM can use as an NPC, you will probably have more opportunities to earn inspiration.
1. Family or friend
2. Land, Nation or Lord
3. Religion, Belief or Cause
4. Beloved

HATE
    What or who does your character hate? This can provide motivation for the character. People tend to hate things that have wronged them or something they love. Consider Vegeta's hatred for Goku that drives him to self-improvement. Your character may have a tragic backstory influencing what they hate. If your character's background offers the DM a villain they can use, you will probably have more opportunities to earn inspiration.

FLAW
   
Perfection is boring, but wanting to see a character succeed in spite of their flaws is compelling. Flaws are like weaknesses, like Superman and kryptonite. The presence of a weakness in a situation makes it more dangerous and adds suspense. Will the kryptonite be a problem this time? Flaws are like handicaps and add tension. Think about Goku being too forgiving and allowing Vegeta to leave Earth after killing all their friends. Will this decision complicate Goku's relationship with Krillin?
    All people are flawed or have weaknesses to overcome. A minor flaw distinguishes a person; a quirk. A major flaw hinders a character; a weakness. A fatal flaw causes one's own downfall. Below is a list of character flaws to consider for role-play. Players should consider taking one. Role-playing your flaw can earn you inspiration.
1. Audacious, Bold, Over-confident
2. Gambling, Drinking, Bad Habits
3. Angry, Vindictive, Fierce
4. Anxiousness, Nervous, complex, Paranoid
5. Untrusting, Skeptical, or Suspicious
6. Naive, Credulous, Gullible, or Idealist
7. Arrogant and Proud, Self-centered, Vain
8. Greed, Materialistic, Shallow, Vanity, or Spoiled
9. Gossip, Nosy, Big Mouth, Meddlesome
10. Sloth, Aimless, Indifferent, Aloof
11. Cold, Callous, Blunt
12. Pious, Self-righteous
13. Envious, Jealous
14. Immature, Childish, Foolish
15. Petty, Spiteful, Mean-Spirited
16. Delusions of grandeur, Goal-Obsessed, Driven to prove oneself
17. Oblivious, lacking self-awareness, absent minded
18. Selfish, Disloyal, Dishonest
19. Dependent, Indecisive, Dubious, Self-Deprivation
20. Impatient, Reckless, Klutz, Impulsive
21. Rebellious, Erratic, Errant, Eccentric
22. Capricious, Fickle, Temperamental, Over-emotional
23. Mischievous or cruel, Remorseless
24. Fixated, Over-protective, Overly-attached
25. Cowardly, Irresponsible
26. Flirtatious, Lewd, Lustful
27. Fastidious, Finicky, Hoity-toity, Strict
28. Stubborn, Determined, Zealous
29. Soft-hearted, Self-martyr

WHY ARE THE ADVENTURERS TRAVELING TOGETHER!
    This is probably the most important thing to figure out. If the PCs don't get along or have good reason for being there, you're going to have a bad time. You all have to answer how did these people meet and why would they risk their lives for each other?

NAME
    Names are important in-so-far as you should have a name that's easy to say and easy to remember. If your name is too hard to say or to remember, that's fine only if you have a nick-name that meets the above criteria. If you have a silly name (like Bubbles or Flapjack), a name that is wildly setting-inappropriate (like Goku or Kakashi in a western setting), or a name that is too cringe-y (Names that sound like my little pony characters like Moonbeam or names that could be a metal band like Grymskull) the DM will tell you to pick a new name. Failure to do so results in expulsion from time and space and your character becomes an NPC for the DM to use as a joke character.

RACE
    Your four race choices are Human and the following demi-human races: Elf, Dwarf, Halfling. There are no subraces. Players do not have access to half-human or monster-races. Some races have bonuses or special abilities, and restrictions to hit die, class or equipment. The reasoning for this is that not everyone is equal.

CLASS
    Your four class choices are Fighter, Cleric, Magic-User, and Thief. I restrict players to these classes for four reasons. One, I want a simple, rules-lite game with speedy gameplay where the players have well-defined yet flexible roles. More classes means more rules. More rules complicates the game and slows it down. Two, the four basic classes are also the four basic party roles and I believe more class variety restricts players to a narrow aspect of that role, reducing the ability of a character to serve the party in that role. Three, I want to discourage players from relying on an optimized character build to solve problems and encourage players to be creative and resourceful instead. You may flavor your class as you like. For example, you can be a Fighter who only wears leather armor and uses a bow or a Magic-User who plays the lute and sings spell incantations. Four, I don't want the class and lore baggage of other settings or game systems.
  
You may dual-class (two classes simultaneously), multi-class (change classes) if you meet a high level NPC who is willing to train you, or you may earn a Prestige Class (The full list is as follows *ahem*: Paladin.) from a powerful NPC. You may also discuss with your DM about modifying an existing class (an example Quasi-Class would be calling a cleric a Druid by changing Turn Undead to Tame Animals), or if you have a different character concept you would like to realize.

ABILITY SCORES
    Roll 3d6 in order to generate your ability scores (at the gaming table, not away from the table!). There are many, many methods to generate a character. The reasoning for this method is that you are creating an average person who is unique. Standardized ability scores make generic characters which is boring. Players who are able to optimize their characters will make typical characters, which is also boring. I also want players to understand that your character is more than your character's stats.
    Your ability scores are fixed and will not improve by ordinary means. Ability bonuses and penalties are lower and thus have less impact: 3 is a -3, 4-5 is a -2, 6-8 is a -1. 9-12 is a 0. 13-15 is a +1, 16-17 is a +2, 18 is a +3. You stand a 10% chance of getting a +/-2 or +/-3, and a 90% chance of getting a +/-1 or 0. Probability says your penalties and bonuses will add up to 0, so a character with net total of -1 in ability modifiers is still perfectly playable.
    For information on rolling ability checks, see the next section, "Skills."
    A -1 in intelligence means your character is illiterate. Your character understands an additional language for every +1 in intelligence. Exotic languages are only available for characters who know all of the ordinary languages. A constitution bonus or penalty is applied whenever you roll for hit points.
    Ability Scores are not improved when you level up, however, magic treasures earned may offer small permanent improvements or a temporary improvements while using the treasure.

HIT POINTS
    Roll your hit die and add your Constitution bonus or penalty to the roll to determine your starting hit points. Always roll for hit points and add your Constitution Bonus or Penalty to the roll when you level up. Re-roll 1's is for babies. No babies allowed. You always gain a minimum of 1 hit point.

SKILLS
    All races and classes can search for secret doors and for hidden traps by rolling a 1d6, halflings can hide extraordinarily well with percentile dice (90% outdoors, 70% indoors), but other than that, only Thieves have skills: Pick locks, move silently, hide, remove traps, pick pockets, climb walls, and listen. Thief skills use percentile dice and improve with Thief level. Ability checks are used to resolve everything else not covered by the rules. To succeed on an ability check, roll a d20 and roll low; Roll less than or equal to your ability score. The DM may apply situational bonuses or penalties to your ability roll.

POWERS AND SPECIAL ATTACKS
    Clerics can Turn Undead and Thieves can Backstab. Clerics and Magic-Users can cast spells. That's all!
If you have any ideas you would like to discuss with your DM, be prepared to be told either "not in this game,"  "you can just do that by doing this," or "that's what spells and magic items or weapons are for." The GM is interested in hearing about player preferences and will make efforts to provide what is reasonable.
   
Clerics can Turn Undead by brandishing their holy symbol and calling on the power of their god.  Turn undead can repel or outright destroy undead creatures, and the effects improve with Cleric level. The Cleric Rolls a d20 against a DC determined by the Cleric level and the monster type. At least 1 creature is always turned on a successful roll. The number of creatures turned is determined by rolling 2d6 and comparing the result to the Hit Die of the monsters.
    
Thieves can perform a Backstab when attacking someone who is unaware of their presence from behind. With Backstab, Thieves get a +4 to their attack roll and they roll double damage die. That's it. Backstab applies to melee weapons only. The +4 Backstab attack bonus does not stack with a flanking bonus. Creatures who are completely helpless such as sleeping creatures may be killed instantly at the discretion of the DM.

ANIMAL COMPANIONS
    Animal companions are domestic animals with training (such as blood hounds or carrier pigeons) or familiars with sentience. Characters may issue commands to animal companions which they are trained to carry out, however, characters do not have the ability to train or tame animals. Domestic animals are typically purchased from animal trainers. Familiars are typically conjured (daily by characters who heavily rely on their familiar) by casting a spell. Animal companions count as player followers. With DM approval, a player may begin play with a single animal companion and you must provide backstory for this companion.
   Players may control their animal companions like a second PC. The player character must be able to issue a command, or the action must be reasonable for the animal companion based on their instinct or training in a given situation. The animal companion generally acts on the same initiative as the Player Character.
    Domestic animals may gain and lose loyalty depending on treatment by the player, such as feeding, grooming, nursing, endangering, or protecting it. The loyalty of familiars may need to be earned or bargained for, sometimes requiring a pact. An animal companion with low loyalty is disobedient. In some situations such as a combat encounter, a DM may make a morale check for animal companions and the animal companion may become disobedient or flee if they fail their morale check.

SESSION ZERO
    Not all session zeroes need to be the same or hit all the possible topics. Session zero should be a meet and greet for new people and the group should start a short adventure with pre-generated characters that can last 1-3 sessions. Think of this short adventure as an audition to decide if this is the group for you. If the group works, decide what game to play next. The group should establish group etiquette and expectations, and discuss game interests and preferences.

  • Scheduling; When, where, how do we meet? Session length and frequency.
  • Tardy, absent, unprepared or distracted players?
  • Food, drinks, drugs, phone use.
  • Game Tone, Genre, Setting, Themes.
    • The DM should pitch some ideas for games they would like to run, then discuss.
    • The PCs should pitch characters they would like to play, then discuss.
  • Long campaign or short adventures? Published or homebrew? Sandbox or narrative drive.
  • Style of Play: Hack and slash, dungeon craw, exploration, puzzle, political intrigue, skill tests, difficulty?
  • Maturity of content? Only what you're comfortable discussing with you mom.
  • Rules used and rule discussions. Homebrew rules, game customization?

SETTING
   
The setting will be somewhere in-between low fantasy and high fantasy and will have some elements of dark fantasy like a grim fairy tale. It will be a mostly ordinary world where monsters, magic, and gods are real but rare and mysterious. The form of government is Feudalism. People are religious and faithful. Clerics are deeply religious, ordained members of a religion, and are also rare. Their spells are actually answered prayers. Ghost stories and fairy tales are usually true, but no one believes them except for children. People are superstitious and fear Magic-Users as witches as they should because people who can make fireballs that explodes or cast curses are dangerous. Magic-Users therefore have anonymity they have to protect, especially from the church. Magic and cursed items are real and also dangerous, but also legendary.